Entrepreneurship Development And Employment Generation In Nigeria

ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT AND EMPLOYMENT GENERATION IN NIGERIA: (A STUDY OF ANAMBRA STATE) 2010-2015

According to 1976 guidelines local government is the government at the local level exercise specific power within defined area. these powers should give the council substantial control over local affairs as well as the staff including institution and financial power to initiate and direct the provision of service, to determine and implement project so as to complement the activities of the state and federal government in their areas and to ensure through devolution of function of these councils and through active participation of these people and their traditional belief that local initiatives and responses to local needs and the condition are maximized.

According to Muomaife (2003) local government is an authority constitutionally empowered to raise money for local purpose and which has responsibilities for good government at the grassroot local level especially on the matters with its jurisdiction.

According to Ugwu (2001) in his book issue in local government and urban administration in Nigeria: defined local government as the lowest administration to whose law and regulation, the rural who live in a defined geographical area and with common social and political ties are subject. the implication of this definition is that the territorial jurisdiction of the local government has to be clearly determined and defined to enable the resident of the local government to be aware of the civic and financial claim for provision of services and for protection against death and hazards.

UBA (1984:75) in his writing on local government as a third tier of government has performed below expectation in rural development in spite of great optimism that ushered in the new local government system in 1976. He attributes the poor performance of local government ion Nigeria to the country’s development strategy which has been urban oriented. He laments that the colonial image of local government as an instrument of expectation has continued to persist in Nigeria and has manifested by the ability of local government to improve the living standard of people in rural area.

According to Okoli (1980:34) on local government and community development took an ideological stand as UBA, he traced the origin and development down to the post independent in Nigeria and hypothesized that local government and community development where tools of colonial penetration and exhibition of the rural areas.

Okoli contends that government continues to be exobitative even through that Nigerians are at the level of the affairs. he continued by saying that the situation is likely to continue until local government and community development are viewed in the broader perspective of the overall and national economic development.

Furthermore, according to the office of public administration of the united nations local government is a political sub-division of a a nation or (in a federal system) state which is constituted by law and has substantial control of local affairs including the powers to impose taxes or to exact labour for prescribed purposes. the governing body of such an entity is elected or otherwise locally selected (Cambridge 1961).

Salient futures of local government

1) it is government at the local level, that is the grassroot.

2) it has its autonomous existence

3) it is a body corporate hence possesses a legal status.

4) specific powers are reserved for it e.g it can levy taxes and rate.

5) it exists within a defined area or territory

2.3 Concept Of Rural Development

Rural development according to (Obasi 2003) is a social process by which any group of people or a society mobilizes and utilizes all resources human and  material available to it for the purpose of transforming its socio-physical environment for the better and ultimately improving the quality of life of its members through increased production of their needs.

Rural development as the improvement in the living standard of the rural dwellers by engaging them in productive activities such as the establishment of rural industries that will increase their income, it is seen by scholars as a means of raising the sustainable living of the rural poor by giving them the opportunity to develop their potentials.

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Rural development ensures the modernization of the rural society and transition isolation to integration with the national economy. it is concerned with increased agricultural production for urban and international market. This is essential so as to generate foreign exchange, and attract revenue to finance public and private consumption and invention. in order to encourage increased production, rural development may offer a package of inputs and welfare service for the rural masses. such inputs and welfares service include physical inputs (such as the provision of feeder roads, water and electrification) social inputs, (namely health and education facilities) and institution inputs such as credit, rural expansion service among others.

2.4 Objective Of Rural Development

1) INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT: This involves the development of good network of roads and means of transportation, provision of and means of transportation, provision of portable water, effective communication, facilities and reliable power supply.

2) INDUSTRIALIZATION: Rural development seeks to bring about rural industrialization which not only creates employment opportunities but also engenders new occupation, services values, skills, income and product for the people.

3) JOB CREATION: This is another objective of rural development , creation of employment opportunities empowers the rural people economically.

4) EDUCATION OPPORTUNITIES: Education is the light that dispel ignorance, diseases and even poverty.

5) HEALTH DEVELOPMENT: Health, it is said is wealth and without good health the people can neither think well nor do any meaningful work. rural development is therefore targeted at providing the rural people with effective, reliable and affordable health services.

2.4 Source of The Contribution of Rural Societies To The National Development:

1) Rural societies help to produce labour forces

2) They help to provide raw materials to the industries

3) They also helped to provides food material

4) they helped in the creation of employment

2.5 Summary Of The Literature Review

The study summarized the existing literature applied in the research work.

Local government is defined as a unit of government below the central, state or regional government established by law to exercise political authority through a representative council within a defined area.

The reason for the creation of the local government is to bring government nearer to the people in a defined area in order to foster rural development in the area.

Furthermore local government is an extension of government communities arrived at ensuring efficiency in the rural development therefore the presence of local government administration in a given area is viewed from the fact that latent human and natural resources abundant in the grassroot are harmessed for a progressive transformation of the political economic and socio cultural system of not at the inadequate buy the surrounding communities.